ANALYSIS OF SOUNDNESS LEVEL (FINANCE) USING CAMEL METHOD OF BANK ACEH SHARIA BEFORE AND AFTER CONVERSION

Financial institutions are the institution that has an important role in national development and the economy of a country. The economic progress of the banking sector can be seen from the increasing public interest in investing, borrowing and saving by utilizing banking services. So to increase public and government confidence in managing their business finances, an assessment of the soundness of the bank is very necessary. The formulation of the problem in this study, namely: 1) How is the health (financial) level of PT. Bank Aceh Syariah before conversion if assessed using the CAMEL method in the period 2013-2015?, 2) What is the soundness (financial) level of Bank Aceh after conversion if assessed using the CAMEL method in the 2017-2020 period? The type of research that researchers use in this study is qualitative research by using data collection techniques, documentation. The CAMEL techniques and descriptive analysis use to analyze the data. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: 1) That the health level of PT. Bank Aceh Syariah before conversion was in the healthy category, 2) The health level of PT. Bank Aceh Syariah after conversion is in the healthy category.3) Bank Aceh Syariah soundness level before and after conversion is in the healthy category with an average value before conversion by 75.24% and after conversion by 80.84%


Introduction
Financial institutions are institutions that have an important role in national development and the economy of a country. The economic progress of the banking sector can be seen from the increasing number of people's interest in investing, borrowing and saving by utilizing banking services. This progress can be seen from the increasing number of private banks and government banks (Paputungan 2016: 731). Facing the increasingly tight banking business, the trust from the community is one of the keys to success that can help the company's progress. And to make the bank always trusted by the public and the government in managing its business finances, an assessment of the soundness level of the bank is very necessary (Ramdhansyah 2017: 25).
By conducting a bank health assessment, it will be very helpful for bank users and investors to choose the bank where they place their funds. (Ramdhansyah 2017: 25) One way to assess the soundnessof a bank is to use the CAMEL method. CAMEL is an abbreviation of five indicators, namely: Capital, Asset quality, Management, Earning, Liquidity (Chintya Windy M.Poli, Parengkuan Tommy 2015:1359). The soundness of a bank can be assessed by looking at the financial statements of the bank concerned. Financial reports aim to provide useful information for the benefit of using financial reports in decision making (Muhammad 2015: 242).
The financial reports are a must, especially for those who are engaged in financial services. One of the companies engaged in the banking industry is PT Bank Aceh Syariah. Bank Aceh Syariah is a conventional bank that has converted from a conventional system to a sharia system, on September 1, 2016. Bank Aceh Syariah is one of the banks that has played an important role in regional progress since its inception.
The main feature of Bank Aceh Syariah is the holder of the regional treasury and is one of the sources of local revenue through the various banking products issues. With the conversion process of Bank Aceh to sharia, everyone wants to know the performance of the bank, including investors, both in terms of collecting and managing funds before and after conversion.

Syaria Bank
Sharia/Islamic Bank or called interest-free Bank, is a financial/banking institution whose operations and products are developed based on the Qur'an and Hadith of the Prophet SAW or with (Zulkifli Rusby 2017. Nonie Afrianty, Isnaini, and Oktarina 2019. Ismail 2011. Marpaung 2019)

Conversion
Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) the term "conversion" has the meaning, namely: a change from one knowledge system to another, a change in ownership of an object, land, and so on, a change from one form (likeness and so on) to another form (likeness and so on), the process of changing from one form or format to another form or format.

Bank Soundness Level
The soundness of a bank can be interpreted as a bank to carry out normal banking operations and be able to fulfill all its obligations properly and in a manner that is in accordance with applicable banking regulations. (Andrianto and Firmansyah 2019: 365).

CAMEL METHOD
The CAMEL method is a measuring tool used to determine the condition of the Bank as stated in Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 9/1/PBI/2007 concerning the rating system for the soundness of commercial banks based on sharia principles, consisting of aspects of capital (Capital), aspects of asset quality (Assets), aspects of quality management (Management), aspects of profitability (Earnings), liquidity aspects (Liquidity). a. CAMEL Factors 1) Capital The first assessment is the capital aspect of a bank. In this aspect what is assessed is the capital owned by the bank which is based on the minimum capital requirement of the bank. The assessment is based on the CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio) that has been set by BI (Kasmir 2011: 43). The formula used to measure the CAR of a bank can be seen below: Source: SEOJK No. 10/SEOJK.03/2014 2) Asset Quality Asset quality is an assessment of the condition of bank assets or UUS and the adequacy of financing risk management. Asset quality assessment is intended to assess the condition of bank assets, including anticipation of the risk of non-payment of financing (credit risk) that will arise.) To assess this aspect, the NPF ratio can be used (Hasan 2014:178). The formula used to measure the NPF level of a bank can be seen below: 3) Management (management Aspect) Assessment of management aspects is a process of planning, organizing, directing, supervising the efforts of members of the organization, and the use of predetermined resources. The assessment of the management aspect in this study uses the Net Profit Margin (NPM) indicator which is the ratio used to see and calculate the bank's ability to generate net income from its operating activities (Arif and Yuke Rahmawati 2018: 241). The formula used to measure the NPF level of a bank can be seen below: 4) Earning (Profitability Aspect) Bank profitability ratio is a tool used to analyze or measure the level of business efficiency and profitability achieved or obtained by the bank concerned. The formula for calculating ROA and BOPO can be seen below. The liquidity ratio is an indicator of the ability of companies to pay all short-term financial obligations at maturity (Darmawan 2020: 59). And to assess the liquidity aspect, it can be assessed with the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) ratio (Nurfitriani 2021: 52

RESEARCH METHODS
This research is qualitative method of research type which is the secondary data used that obtained from the financial statements of PT Bank Aceh Syariah published through the website https://www.bankaceh.co.id, from 2013-2020. The documentation method is also used by collecting data that has been published in the form of the annual financial statements of Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013-2020. The data analysis technique uses the CAMEL analysis technique which refers to the Circular Letter of Bank Indonesia Number 9/24/DPbS of 2007. The research was conducted on the factors of Capital, Assets, Management, Earning, Liquidity with descriptive analysis data techniques as well.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Descriptive Statistic
The results of CAMEL analysis calculations (Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earning, Liquidity, on the soundness of Bank Aceh Syariah before and after the conversion in 2013-2020 can be seen in tables 3.1 and 3.2 below:  (2021) It can be seen in tables 1.1 and 1.2 that the CAR ratio of Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013 was 17.46% while in 2014-2017 it increased, which in 2014 was 18.07%, in 2015 it was 19.87%, in 2016 it was 20.74%, in 2017 it was 21.50%. . The increase in the CAR ratio in 2014-2017 occurred due to an increase in capital in 2014-2017. This increase in capital illustrates that Bank Aceh Syariah has sufficient capital and is able to cover all risks, both market risk, credit, and operational risk.
However, in 2018 the CAR ratio decreased which in the previous year obtained a CAR value of 21.50% then decreased by 19.67% in 2018 and in 2019 again decreased from 19.67% to 18.90% and in 2020 again experienced a decline from 18.90% to 18.60% decrease in the amount of the CAR weighted ratio according to risk due to risk. The increase in RWA in 2018 was due to an increase in credit RWA by IDR 8,443,720,000,000.00 and market RWA by IDR 47,882,000,000.00. Meanwhile, in 2019 the increase in RWA was triggered by an increase in credit RWA by IDR 9,251,231,000,000.00, operational ATMR by IDR 2,527,095,000,000.00 and market RWA by IDR 51,143,000,000.00. In 2020 the increase in RWA was due to an increase in credit RWA by IDR 9,383,680,000,000.00, market RWA by IDR 54,491,000,000.00 and operational RWA by IDR 3,418,369,000,000.00.
The NPF ratio of Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013 was 2.78%, in 2014 it was 2.58%, in 2015 it was 2.27, in 2016 it was 1.39%, in 2017 it was 1.38%, in 2018 it was 1.04%, in 2019 it was 1.21% and in 2020 it was 1.53%. Based on the NPF value obtained from 2013-2020, Aceh Syariah Bank is at a safe level. The NPF value that is getting smaller or decreasing indicates that banks are getting better at selecting prospective borrowers so that the number of financing that is classified as substandard, doubtful and bad is also reduced. This shows that management's efforts to manage collectibility levels and maintain credit quality are getting better every year and provide positive results, so that they are able to produce quality credit growth and not just high credit growth.

Journal of Accounting Research, Utility Finance and
Digital Assets E-ISSN: 2962-973X https://jaruda.org The NPM ratio at Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013 was 79.19%, in 2014 it was 79.09%, in 2015 it was 82.17%, in 2016 it was 63.47% with a credit score of 63.47%, in 2017 it was 88.23%, in 2018 it was 83.15%, in 2019 it was 83.23% and in 2020 by 79.81%. Overall, the NPM value of Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013-2020 tends to fluctuate, with the highest value of 88.23% in 2017 to the lowest value in 2016 of 63.47%. NPM can also be caused by a decrease in net income in contrast to an increase in operating profit so that NPM decreases. The overall average value of the NPM ratio is above 70% which indicates the NPM ratio at Bank Aceh Syariah is in a healthy condition.
The ROA ratio at Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013 was 3.31%, in 2014 it was 3.27%, in 2015 it was 2.99%, in 2016 it was 2.70%, in 2017 it was 2.36%, in 2018 it was 2.34%, in 2019 it was 2.17% and in 2020 by 1.65%. The ROA ratio in 2013-2020 tends to decrease in which the decline in the ROA ratio is due to the increase in pre-tax profit not increasing more than the increase in total assets so that the ability of earnings management before tax to total assets decreases. Despite the decline, the ROA ratio remains above 1.5% so that Bank Aceh Syariah gets the "very healthy" predicate. This illustrates that bank management is able to manage assets to increase revenues and reduce costs. (Kurniawan, Suharti, and Supramono 2020) And reflecting the condition of banks in general are considered capable of facing significant negative effects from changes in business conditions and external factors.
The BOPO ratio at Bank Aceh Syariah in 2013 was 70.83%, in 2014 it was 73.07%, in 2015 it was 75.93%, in 2016 it was 83.05%, in 2017 it was 78.00%, in 2018 it was 79.09%, in 2019 it was 76.95% and in 2020, 81.50% BOPO ratio in 2013-2020 tends to increase, however, the high BOPO ratio can be caused by an increase and decrease in operating expenses and operating income.

Conclusion
The health level of Bank Aceh Syariah before and after conversion is in the healthy category with the highest score after conversion, this is evidenced by the average value obtained, which at the time before conversion got an average value of 75.24% and after conversion 80.84%.